Kessler Institute offers tips to avoid injury during snow shoveling

Snow shoveling doesn't have to be a pain in the neck, back or elsewhere. In fact, shoveling snow can actually be considered good exercise if done safely and correctly.

"It is generally recommended that adults strive for approximately twenty to thirty minutes of moderate exercise at least three to four days a week, especially during the winter months when both outdoor temperatures and personal motivation tend to drop," said Terry Carolan, PT, NCS, ATP, Clinical Manager at Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation (http://www.kessler-rehab.com). "Shoveling snow for about fifteen minutes at a time counts as moderate physical activity, like a brisk walk."

However, snow shoveling, like most types of exercise, does present some physical risks.

"Every winter, people experience back injuries, falls, fractures and even heart attacks as the result of shoveling snow," notes Carolan. "People don't realize that shoveling, combined with the cold weather, puts a great deal of stress on the body. For older or more sedentary individuals, there is an increased risk of injury. Generally, by using proper warm-up and lifting techniques with some common sense, individuals can help to reduce their risk of injury."

Kessler, a leader in the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation, recommends these guidelines:

• Avoid caffeine or nicotine before beginning, especially if you have a history of or are at high risk for a heart attack. These stimulants may increase your heart rate and cause your blood vessels to constrict, which places extra stress on the heart. If you have a heart condition or back problems, check with your doctor before doing any shoveling.

• Drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration.

• Dress in layers and be sure to wear a hat, gloves, and sturdy, non-skid footwear.

• Do some basic warm-up exercises before shoveling, such as walking for a few minutes or marching in place. Stretch the muscles in your arms and legs. Warm muscles will work more efficiently and are less likely to become injured.

• Try to shovel fresh snow rather than partially melted and packed snow. Lift small amounts at a time using your legs, not your back. Scoop snow in a forward motion and step in the direction as you throw the snow. Avoid twisting and tossing the snow over your shoulder or to the side. If possible, try pushing the snow forward rather than lifting.

• Make sure you have a good snow shovel. Most shovels have open ends that allow you to easily toss the snow off to the side.

• If you experience any pain in the chest or arm, shortness of breath or profuse sweating, stop shoveling immediately and seek appropriate medical attention.

• Pace yourself. Take frequent rest breaks ... and avoid over-exertion.

Snow shoveling is hard work. By understanding your physical condition and taking appropriate precautionary measures, you can help reduce the risk of injury.