Virginia Commonwealth University has received a five-year, $3 million grant to study how adverse experiences such as severe illnesses, neglect and maltreatment during childhood leave molecular marks in DNA that predict health risks later in life.
The Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine at the VCU School of Pharmacy, in collaboration with Duke University School of Medicine, will conduct the five-year study, which is funded by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health.
"Childhood adverse experiences such as severe illness, neglect or maltreatment have been robustly linked to psychiatric and other medical conditions where the consequences often persist far into adulthood," said Edwin van den Oord, Ph.D., director of the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine and principal investigator on the study. "Our goal is to study how these early adverse experiences become biologically embedded and how they create long-term health risks."
"An accumulation of evidence from animal and human research implicates DNA methylation," said Karolina Aberg, Ph.D., associate director of the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine. "Methylation is a process that involves small chemical changes to the DNA that can be the result of the environmental factors such as adverse events."
Aberg is responsible for the laboratory components of the project that involve measuring the methylation status of approximately 28 million possible sites in the human genome using the most recent high throughput sequencing technology.
The project capitalizes on a study started at Duke University about 20 years ago that involved 9- to 13-year-old children. That study continues today as the participants are in their 30s. Because detailed assessments and blood samples were obtained at two-year intervals, the investigators can compare DNA methylation profiles before and after adverse events and link changes to health outcomes later in life.
"DNA methylation can be measured cost-effectively and blood samples are relatively easy to collect. The study could therefore result in biomarkers that can be used in the clinic to assess the biological impact of childhood adversity to help better manage health risks," van den Oord said.
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