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Toxin-induced insulin resistance combated in mice

French researchers have found that a protein-bound uremic toxin, p-cresyl sulfate, contributes to the development of insulin resistance in mice, providing a new potential therapeutic target for treating chronic kidney disease, they say.

4 Jan 2013

Extensive white matter abnormalities in early schizophrenia

Patients with first-episode schizophrenia exhibit widespread white matter abnormalities, results from a brain imaging study show.

4 Jan 2013

Psychologic treatment has long-term benefits for bipolar patients

Psychoeducation and cognitive behavioral therapy combined with pharmacologic treatment provides significant long-term benefits for patients with refractory bipolar disorder, researchers report.

4 Jan 2013

Cost-effectiveness findings for naloxone revealed

Researchers have found that naloxone distribution to heroin users could reduce the number of deaths from overdose while being cost-effective.

4 Jan 2013

Local conjunctival metastases ‘may be under-recognized’

Local conjunctival metastases may represent under-recognized lesions arising from the dissemination of primary conjunctival melanoma via local vessels, suggest findings published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology.

4 Jan 2013

Young adults and 'binge' drinking

A new study from the Journal of Marketing Management suggests that the UK's alcohol problem will continue to worsen until the availability and cultural presence of alcohol is subject to stricter controls.

4 Jan 2013

1 in 4 survey participants secretly create concoctions

A study from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) suggests food concocting - the making of strange food mixtures like mashed potatoes and Oreo cookies, frozen vegetables mixed with mayonnaise, and chips with lemon, pork rinds, Italian dressing and salt - is common among binge eaters. The findings, available online and to be published in the International Journal of Eating Disorders, reveal that 1 in 4 survey participants secretly create concoctions.

4 Jan 2013

Scientists report advance toward preventing tooth sensitivity

Taking inspiration from Mother Nature, scientists are reporting an advance toward preventing the tooth sensitivity that affects millions of people around the world. Their report on development of the substance, similar to the adhesive that mussels use to attach to rocks and other surfaces in water, appears in the journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.

4 Jan 2013

Color of containers where food and drink are served can enhance attributes like taste and aroma

Two researchers from the Polytechnic University of Valencia and the University of Oxford have proven that hot chocolate tastes better in an orange or cream coloured cup than in a white or red one. The study adds to recent research demonstrating how our senses perceive food in a different way depending on the characteristics of the container from which we eat and drink.

4 Jan 2013

Costs and benefits of bigger brains

Bigger brains can make animals, well, brainier, but that boost in brain size and ability comes at a price. That's according to new evidence reported on January 3rd in Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, in which researchers artificially selected guppies for large and small brain sizes.

4 Jan 2013

PKM-zeta-less adult mice still able to form long-term memories

A study by Johns Hopkins researchers has shown that a widely accepted model of long-term memory formation - that it hinges on a single enzyme in the brain - is flawed. The new study, published in the Jan. 2 issue of Nature, found that mice lacking the enzyme that purportedly builds memory were in fact still able to form long-term memories as well as normal mice could.

4 Jan 2013

DRD4 7R allele can contribute to longevity

A variant of a gene associated with active personality traits in humans seems to also be involved with living a longer life, UC Irvine and other researchers have found.

4 Jan 2013

Vascular reconstruction raises pancreatic resection complication rates

Performing vascular reconstruction during surgical resection for pancreatic cancer is associated with a greater likelihood of postoperative adverse outcomes than resection alone, say US researchers.

3 Jan 2013

Treatment relieves oxidative stress in periodontitis

Nonsurgical periodontal therapy significantly reduces oxidative stress in individuals with chronic periodontitis, research shows.

3 Jan 2013

Craniofacial morphology linked to childhood sleep-disordered breathing

Children with abnormal craniofacial morphology are at increased risk for having sleep-disordered breathing, say researchers.

3 Jan 2013

Acute stress in childhood increases serious mental illness risk

The sudden death of a close family member in childhood is associated with an increased risk for serious mental illnesses in later life, study results show.

3 Jan 2013

Gait abnormalities found in diabetic neuropathy

Ankle muscle strength and joint mobility are the key factors influencing gait abnormalities in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Brazilian research suggests.

3 Jan 2013

Neonatal chemokines altered in autistic spectrum patients

A study by scientists has found limited evidence to support a role for proinflammatory chemokines in the pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders.

3 Jan 2013

MRI could serve as lumbar puncture proxy

Structural brain patterns on magnetic resonance imaging predict cerebrospinal fluid biomarker levels in patients with suspected Alzheimer’s disease or frontotemporal lobar degeneration, preliminary research suggests.

3 Jan 2013

Low-carbohydrate diet effective in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Dietary modification can be an effective adjunct to drugs in people with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, according to a study reported in Epilepsy and Behavior.

3 Jan 2013