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Leptin variations may influence brain health and dementia development

New research is more closely linking obesity to dementia. Higher levels of leptin, a hormone that helps maintain normal body weight, is associated with better signal-transmitting brain white matter in middle-aged adults, according to a study by The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UT Health San Antonio).

18 Sep 2024

New tool unveils dynamic changes in brain extracellular matrix

Between and around the billions of neurons in the human brain is an equally vital scaffold, the extracellular matrix (ECM).

18 Sep 2024

Direct breastfeeding boosts microbial transfer to very-low-birth-weight infant guts

Researchers found that 30-40% of the very-low-birth-weight infant's gut microbiota came from the mother’s milk, and direct breastfeeding enhances microbial transmission despite antibiotic exposure.

18 Sep 2024

Researchers discover how rare cell type controls scar tissue formation in spinal cord injuries

After a spinal cord injury, nearby cells quickly rush to action, forming protective scar tissue around the damaged area to stabilize and protect it.

18 Sep 2024

Study helps explain why having ApoE4 increases risk of neurodegeneration

A new study helps explain why having ApoE4—the gene variant most closely linked to Alzheimer's disease—increases the risk of neurodegeneration and white matter damage.

18 Sep 2024

Drug-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants found in immunocompromised patients

Individuals with compromised immunity and persistent COVID-19 infections can harbor drug-resistant variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which have the potential to spread to the general population found researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine, the College of Veterinary Medicine at Cornell University and the National Institutes of Health's (NIH) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).

18 Sep 2024

Electrolyte abnormalities in eating disorders associated with higher risk of death from any cause

A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found that 32% of individuals with an eating disorder had abnormal electrolyte levels, which were associated with a higher risk of death from any cause.

18 Sep 2024

MIND diet may reduce cognitive decline risk, study suggests

People whose diet more closely resembles the MIND diet may have a lower risk of cognitive impairment, according to a study published in the September 18, 2024, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Results were similar for Black and white participants.

18 Sep 2024

New meta-analysis links dizziness in older adults to increased fall risk

The first meta-analysis of its kind has shown a conclusive link between older adults experiencing spells of dizziness and a dramatically elevated risk of falling.

18 Sep 2024

Study links diabetes drugs to lower risk of dementia and Parkinson's disease

A class of drugs for diabetes may be associated with a lower risk of dementia and Parkinson's disease, according to a study published in the September 18, 2024, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

18 Sep 2024

Study may represent a possible surgery-free strategy for managing cataracts

Researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and their collaborators have identified a protein, known as RNF114, that reverses cataracts, a clouding of the eye's lens that occurs commonly in people as they age.

18 Sep 2024

Scientists pinpoint thousands of gene variants linked to breast and ovarian cancer risk

Scientists have pinpointed thousands of genetic changes in a gene that may increase a person's risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer, paving the way for better risk assessment and more personalised care.

18 Sep 2024

Speech analysis phone app could identify early signs of hepatic encephalopathy

Research from the University of Michigan suggests that one day a phone app could be able to detect the development of hepatic encephalopathy in patients just by listening to them speak.

18 Sep 2024

Study explores microglial response to chronic hyponatremia and rapid sodium correction

Low serum sodium concentrations in blood are called hyponatremia, a prevalent clinical electrolyte disorder.

18 Sep 2024

Updated Nutri-Score system reveals stronger links between poor diet and cardiovascular disease risk

A large European study finds that consuming foods with lower nutritional quality, as graded by the updated Nutri-Score, increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, particularly stroke and heart attack.

18 Sep 2024

Extended estrogen suppression treatment found safe for postmenopausal breast cancer patients

New evidence shows that extended estrogen suppression treatment using an aromatase inhibitors for hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal breast cancer is safe; it does not increase the risk of coronary artery calcification, a sign of active coronary atherosclerosis, as some prior studies had indicated.

18 Sep 2024

Antibiotic resistance threatens millions of lives worldwide

More than 39 million people around the world could die from antibiotic-resistant infections over the next 25 years, according to a study published in The Lancet.

18 Sep 2024

MicroRNA profiles help assess cancer risk in Lynch syndrome carriers

In his doctoral dissertation completed at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, Tero Sievänen demonstrates that the cancer risk of Lynch syndrome carriers can be assessed based on circulating microRNA profiles.

18 Sep 2024

Exposure to styrene and ethylbenzene elevates diabetes risk

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a critical public health issue, with its prevalence expected to rise sharply worldwide.

18 Sep 2024

Study links metal exposure to increased risk of atherosclerosis

Metal exposure from environmental pollution is associated with increased calcium buildup in the coronary arteries at a level comparable to traditional risk factors like smoking and diabetes, according to a study published today in JACC, the flagship journal of the American College of Cardiology.

18 Sep 2024