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What is Leber Congenital Amaurosis?

Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a very severe form of congenital blindness due to hereditary retinal dystrophy. It was first identified by Theodore Leber in 1869, and is diagnosed early in infancy or at birth.

25 Mar 2018

Types of Psychosurgery

Psychosurgery is a field of surgery which consists of stereotactic operations on the brain aimed at altering abnormal physiology by severing certain connections between the frontal lobe and the rest of the brain, including the cortex, the nuclei or other brain pathways, which may appear to function normally or abnormally, in order to reduce mental and/or physical suffering in otherwise untreatable patients.

25 Mar 2018

What is an Echogenic Intracardiac Focus?

An echogenic intracardiac focus is a small bright spot seen within the region of the heart seen during an ultrasound examination.

25 Mar 2018

Campylobacteriosis Symptoms

Campylobacter is a genus containing several species of Gram-negative spiral or curved bacteria with one, two or no polar flagellum and a corkscrew motility. They are microaerophilic, but some require hydrogen for growth. They are being recognized as important causes of human gastroenteritis in developed and developing countries and also because of the serious post-infectious sequelae associated with the disease.

22 Mar 2018

NIPT Test (Noninvasive Prenatal Testing)

The NIPT (noninvasive prenatal testing) is a genetic test performed on pregnant women, in order to detect fetal chromosomal aneuploidies. It is based upon the testing of cell-free fetal DNA (cf-fDNA) separated from the blood of the mother. It requires only a simple blood draw and is associated with no serious complications, like other blood tests.

22 Mar 2018

Separation Anxiety Disorder Symptoms

Separation anxiety disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by excessive fear when parted from loved ones or those to whom the patient is closely attached. Though particularly common in children, this condition may also be present in youngsters and even in adults.

22 Mar 2018

Foods to Avoid During Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a time when many dramatic changes are known to occur in a woman’s body, both with respect to anatomy and its function.

22 Mar 2018

Pregnancy and Oxytocin

Pregnancy is a physiological state which subjects the female body to a range of extreme changes in form and function. One of these is in the level of oxytocin.

22 Mar 2018

What is Mitral Regurgitation?

The human heart has four valves which direct the flow of blood in the correct double-circulation mode, taking blood to and from the lungs as well as to and from the rest of the body. Two of the valves are on the right side and two on the left.

21 Mar 2018

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC)

Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are benign, developmental cystic lesions of epithelial origin and involve the maxilla or mandible. These lesions are fairly aggressive locally and they have a high tendency to recur once they have been excised. Furthermore, they are known for their association occasionally with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS). Up to 70% of all OKCs occur in the mandible and the frequency of OKCs is particularly high between the second and third decades of life with a predilection for males.

21 Mar 2018

Von Recklinghausen Disease (Neurofibromatosis Type I)

Von Recklinghausen disease (VRD) is also called neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). It is a genetic disorder in which the growth of nervous tissue is altered, producing tumors related to the nerve sheath. A single neurofibroma may not be indicative of this disorder, but multiple tumors are strongly suggestive of NF1.

21 Mar 2018

Sources of Dietary Fiber

The terminology ‘dietary fiber’ is believed to be first coined by Dr. E. Hipsley, who considered it an indigestible component of the plant cell.

21 Mar 2018

What is Oxytocin?

Oxytocin is a small but potent nine-amino acid hormone secreted within the brain, from the hypothalamus. It is secreted into the posterior pituitary via the pituitary stalk which contains axons projecting from the hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells, and is finally released from the nerve terminals in response to appropriate and varied stimuli.

20 Mar 2018

Constipation in Babies

Bowel movements are completely essential parts of normal life.In infancy, a baby may pass 3 – 4 stools a day at first; however, this tapers to about 2 stools per day during the first year of growth.

20 Mar 2018

What is Status Epilepticus?

Status epilepticus (SE) is an extremely serious and often fatal medical emergency. It may be defined as a continuous seizure which lasts for 30 minutes or more, or as 2 or more seizure episodes without the patient recovering full consciousness in between any 2 episodes.

20 Mar 2018

Albinism Causes

Albinism is a condition wherein the human body does not produce enough of the pigment melanin. In some cases, there may be absolutely no melanin produced. The lack of melanin results in a discoloration of the skin, hair and iris of the eye. Persons suffering from albinism have extremely light hair, pale skin and no color in the iris. This allows the blood vessels at the back of the eye to be seen and make them appear red-eyed.

20 Mar 2018