Most of us know that UV-blocking sunscreen protects the skin from aging and disease but we don't realize that UV-screening sunglasses and contact lenses can protect eyes from aging and disease, according to a national American Optometric Association survey.
"Overexposure to ultraviolet rays actually speeds aging of the eyes and increases the risk for serious diseases," said Dr. Jonathan Schorn, partner in Focused Eye Care, Lakeville, MN and Vice President of the Minnesota Optometric Association.
Long term exposure: Research has shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases the chance of developing cataracts, macular degeneration - the leading cause of blindness in adults - and eye cancer. Long-term exposure may also cause damage to the retina, a nerve-rich lining of the eye that is used for seeing.
Short-term exposure: If the eyes are exposed to excessive amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time, "sunburn" called photokeratitis can occur. Symptoms may include red eyes, a foreign body sensation or gritty feeling in the eyes, extreme sensitivity to light and excessive tearing. Photokeratitis is usually temporary, rarely causing permanent damage.
To provide adequate protection for the eyes, the MOA recommends that sunglasses and protective contact lenses should:
- Block out 99 to 100 percent of both UV-A and UV-B radiation
- Screen out 75 to 90 percent of visible light
- Sunglasses should be perfectly matched in color and free of distortion and imperfection and have lenses that are gray for proper color recognition
In addition: Apply sunscreen around the eye area and wear a hat.
Dr. Schorn also urges parents to remember to protect infants' and children's eyes from the sun at all times.
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