Akebia Therapeutics, Inc., a pharmaceutical discovery and development company focused on anemia and vascular disorders, today announced that it has successfully completed a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled Phase 2 dose-ranging study of AKB-6548 in patients with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD). AKB-6548 is an orally bioavailable hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase (HIF-PH) inhibitor designed to increase the natural production of erythropoietin (EPO) and cause a controlled, gradual rise in hemoglobin in patients with anemia. The study met its primary endpoint of a dose-responsive increase in hemoglobin from baseline over the 42 days of the study (p<0.0001).
“We believe AKB-6548 could offer patients a treatment option that mimics the body's natural response to hypoxia, including erythropoietin production in a highly controllable manner and a well-coordinated iron response. These are key attributes that are unavailable with today's standard of care.”
"Safe, effective, oral therapies for patients that suffer from anemia associated with chronic kidney disease represents a major unmet need. The results from this Phase 2 study demonstrate AKB-6548's ability to safely and effectively increase hemoglobin levels in a controlled manner, which recapitulates results seen in our prior pilot dose escalation study. We have also identified an optimal dose to take into a larger Phase 2b study, preparations for which are underway," said Dr. Robert Shalwitz, SVP and Chief Medical Officer of Akebia. "We believe AKB-6548 could offer patients a treatment option that mimics the body's natural response to hypoxia, including erythropoietin production in a highly controllable manner and a well-coordinated iron response. These are key attributes that are unavailable with today's standard of care."
The Phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose range finding study was designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of AKB-6548 in patients with stage 3 and 4 CKD. Subjects were randomized into 5 different dosing groups, and AKB-6548 was administered orally on an outpatient basis once daily for 42 days. The study enrolled 93 subjects at multiple sites in the United States.
The results show a highly significant, dose-responsive increase in hemoglobin and overall red blood cell production. Specifically:
- On average, patients that received the placebo experienced a small decline, 0.1 g/dL, in hemoglobin by week 6 of treatment
- Patients that received AKB-6548 experienced an increase from baseline to day 42 in hemoglobin, ranging from 0.7 to 1.4 g/dL
In addition, there was a parallel increase in iron mobilization, with significant dose-related reductions in ferritin and hepcidin, as well as an increase in total iron binding capacity (predominantly transferrin).
AKB-6548 was generally well tolerated, with no dose-related changes in adverse events, liver function or renal function as compared to placebo. Of particular note, there were no dose-related changes in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, a HIF responsive gene, at the end of 6 weeks of dosing. Together, these data strongly suggest that AKB-6548 could provide a highly efficacious and well-tolerated oral alternative to currently approved anemia treatments.
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