Study sheds light on common psychosocial barriers affecting HPV vaccination in Puerto Rico

Young Puerto Rican women and their mothers know little about the human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer, according to researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health.

According to the study published today in Preventing Chronic Disease, a publication of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HPV vaccination rates are low among Puerto Rican women. Fifty one percent of Puerto Rican girls aged 11 to 18 have started the 3-step vaccination process and only 21 percent have completed the series.

"Our study is the first to provide insight into common psychosocial barriers affecting HPV vaccination in Puerto Rico," said María E. Fernández, Ph.D., principal investigator and associate professor of health promotion and behavioral sciences at the UTHealth School of Public Health.

Researchers conducted seven focus groups with women aged 16 to 24 and their mothers in 2010 to assess knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to cervical cancer, HPV and HPV vaccination.

Few female participants said that cervical cancer is caused by HPV, multiple sexual partners or lack of routine screening. Unvaccinated women had little knowledge about HPV or the vaccine. They said that cervical cancer is caused by genetic predisposition, use of birth control pills, lack of hygiene, poor diet and lack of physical activity.

Most mothers had difficulty explaining what cervical cancer is and suggested several causes, including HPV, genetic predisposition, multiple sex partners and early initiation of sexual activity. Some mothers of unvaccinated girls also said that cervical cancer is fatal "like HIV." With one exception, all mothers said that regular Pap tests could detect cervical cancer. Only one mother knew that HPV is sexually transmitted.

"This research suggests that Puerto Rican-specific intervention messages need to include more information about vaccine efficacy, more recommendations from providers and increased promotion of the vaccine," said Fernandez.

SOURCE The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Comments

  1. Steve Hinks Steve Hinks Italy says:

    Our daughter had a moderate reaction to the DTP vaccine as a baby and then a serious adverse reaction to the 1st MMR dose so we chose not to give her the 2nd. When the HPV vaccine was offered at the age of 12 we opted not to consent due to the earlier adverse reactions. However, the school nurse assured mum that this vaccine is safe and nothing like the earlier vaccines so reluctantly she signed the consent form.

    Within minutes of being vaccinated she felt unwell and had to be collected from school. Each day she felt more poorly, flu-like, feeling cold, abdominal pains, severe headaches and very, very tired. Each day it got worse. The doctor was sure it was glandular fever (mononucleosis) but all tests came back negative. She was hospitalized twice, couldn’t walk and was sleeping up to 23 hours every day. After 4 months she went into a coma-like sleep and never opened her eyes or was able to speak for 13 weeks. Eventually she did wake but suffered with constant pains and hyper somnolence. She has missed 3 years of school and still can’t walk and sleeps 18 – 22 hours every day. Doctors deny that it is caused by the vaccine but have no other explanation. They have tried twice to blame us of Munchausen’s.

    When we researched the vaccine we found that thousands of other girls were suffering with similar symptoms. I obtained through Freedom of Information Requests that the number of UK Yellow Card reports of adverse reactions to the MHRA were approximately 100 times more than for other common vaccines. Over 18000 symptoms had been reported. The MHRA accept under reporting of adverse reactions and typically only 10% of serious adverse reactions are reported. Serious adverse reactions for HPV vaccine, including 4 deaths,  are approx. 92 per 100,000 recipients so actual adverse reactions are expected to be 920 per 100,000. But the Department of Health considers that the reactions are a coincidence! Just as they did for the many cases of narcolepsy with Pandemrix flu vaccine until 900 cases were reported in Scandinavia.

    Cancer Research UK report that cervical cancer deaths have reduced from 8 per 100,000 to 2 per 100,000 over the last 40 years without benefit of this vaccine. At this rate there should be no deaths within 10 years without the vaccine.

  2. Steve Hinks Steve Hinks Italy says:

    All vaccines undergo extensive testing and are approved as 'safe and reliable'.

    So please explain why the following vaccines were all withdrawn: Trivirix MMR vaccine made by GSK Canada caused meningitis, Plusrix MMR vaccine made by GSK UK caused meningitis, Immravax MMR vvacine made by Aventis Pasteur caused meningitis, Rotashield rotavirus vaccine made by Wyeth Lederle caused bowel obstruction, Polio vaccine made by Medeva caused vCJD, the human form of mad cow disease, Lymerix Lyme disease vaccine made by GSK caused Lyme disease and severe arthritis, BCG vaccine made by PowderJect did not meet the end-of-shelf-life specification, Imovax hepatitis B, polio and Haemophilus influenzae type B made by Aventis Pasteur tested positive for the live vaccine, Hexovac diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough vaccine made by Sanofi Merck provided inadequate protection, PedvaxHIB haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine made by Merck was contaminated with a bacteria called Bacillus cereus, Comvax haemophilius B and hepatitis B vaccine made by Merck was contaminated with a bacteria called Bacillus cereus, Menjugate meningitis C vaccine made by Novartis was infected with bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Fluvax   flu vaccine made by CSL caused seizures, Preflucel  flu vaccine made by Baxter Healthcare   caused fatigue, muscle pain and headaches and Pandemrix flu vaccine made by GSK caused narcolepsy.

    But for now the HPV vaccines are still considered safe!

The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of News Medical.
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