New research collaboration aims to advance clinical trials of Cell Pouch System in people with type 1 diabetes

Jul 26 2016

Trials to Investigate Cell Macroencapsulation Implantable Device to Deliver Islet Cells in People with Severe Type 1 Diabetes and Hypoglycemia Unawareness

A new research funding agreement between the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) and Sernova, a clinical-stage regenerative medicine biotech, aims to address people with severe type 1 diabetes (T1D) who are hypoglycemia unaware, a condition in which a person with diabetes does not experience the usual early warning symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) following an insulin injection. The purpose of the funding is to advance human clinical trials of Sernova’s novel cell macroencapsulated implantable and scalable Cell Pouch System (CPS) with the hope to improve the quality of life and overall outcomes for these patients.

Type 1 diabetes is a disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and kills the pancreatic cells that produce insulin—a hormone that is essential for life because of its role to help the body use glucose. People with diabetes who have hypoglycemia unawareness are at a higher risk of acute life threatening consequences that can lead to coma and death following an insulin injection that reduces blood glucose to dangerously low levels.

JDRF will provide Sernova $2.45 million USD to support a clinical trial at a major transplantation center in the United States. “JDRF has previously provided funding to advance the development of Sernova’s technologies through a preclinical collaboration with Massachusetts General Hospital, and we are proud to continue our support as Sernova’s technologies progress into new safety and efficacy clinical trials,” said Derek Rapp, JDRF President and CEO. “JDRF is excited about this collaboration, which advances research in encapsulated cell therapies, and will continue to drive progress toward our mission to accelerate life-changing breakthroughs to cure, prevent and treat T1D and its complications.”

“Sernova and JDRF are tightly aligned in our vision to see cell-based therapies developed to reduce disease burden and significantly increase the quality of life for people living with T1D,” remarked Dr. Philip Toleikis, Sernova’s President and CEO. “We see our work with JDRF on this important clinical trial as an exciting opportunity to more rapidly advance Sernova’s therapies to treat people with diabetes and address many of the shortcomings and challenges of current insulin therapy.”

Understanding Hypoglycemia Unawareness

There is no cure for T1D, and people living with the disease are dependent on insulin therapy to help keep their blood-sugar levels from spiking too high, which can lead to long-term complications such as kidney and heart diseases or an acute, potentially deadly health crisis. Present-day insulin therapy is, however, an imperfect treatment method that requires people with T1D to monitor their blood sugar throughout the day and take multiple, calculated doses of insulin based on food intake, exercise, stress, illness and other factors. A miscalculation or unexpected variable leading to high or low blood sugar episodes are daily threats, and only a third of people with T1D achieve their long-term blood glucose targets, placing them at risk for T1D-related health complications.

Many patients with diabetes who experience insulin-induced drops in blood sugar levels which could reach acute dangerous levels have the typical early warning signs of hypoglycemia, which include sweating, trembling, butterflies in the stomach, tingling, numbness, and rapid pulse.

People with diabetes who have hypoglycemia unawareness don’t experience these symptoms in reaction to a severe drop in blood sugar levels. Instead, without warning, they can lapse into severe hypoglycemia, becoming confused or disoriented or falling unconscious into a coma followed by death. It has been shown that transplantation of new islets can reduce the incidence and severity of hypoglycemia unawareness.

“Sernova’s progression to human clinical trials is an incredible accomplishment in the global diabetes research agenda,” said Dave Prowten, President and CEO of JDRF Canada. “I am particularly proud of this trial being a part of the JDRF portfolio because it supports advancements of the best and brightest research minds in Canada at Sernova. Also, this is a shining example of the international collaboration fostered by projects funded by JDRF. Working together with our global partners, we can accelerate this type of transformative research and ensure it becomes available for the T1D community.”

Cell Pouch System Technology Vs Existing Islet Transplant Technology

Currently, islet cell transplantation is a procedure that involves transplanting islet cells from a donor’s pancreas into a diabetic patient’s liver through a blood vessel, basically a "big injection" into the portal vein of the liver. In this procedure infused islets can result in toxicities such as liver hypertension resulting from blockage of small blood vessels where the islets lodge. In addition, a large proportion of infused islet cells die during or after the process often requiring multiple treatments to achieve efficacy. Because of these and other issues as well as the low number of available islet donors in addition to diminishing efficacy over time, the procedure is available to only a small fraction of the most severely ill T1D patients.

“We hope with these trials to accomplish an improved quality of life for people with diabetes who also experience hypoglycemia unawareness, and to potentially increase the number of patients that could be treated,” remarked Dr. Toleikis. “This work will also lend important information as we continue our development of Cell Pouch System cell-based technologies to treat the broader T1D community.”

Source: http://www.sernova.com/