Chromosome 4 News and Research

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Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two copies of chromosome 4, one copy inherited from each parent, form one of the pairs. Chromosome 4 spans more than 191 million DNA building blocks (base pairs) and represents more than 6 percent of the total DNA in cells.

Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 4 likely contains between 1,300 and 1,600 genes.

Genes on chromosome 4 are among the estimated 20,000 to 25,000 total genes in the human genome.

Review shows lipid nanoparticles as highly promising delivery systems in gene therapy

Lipid nanoparticles (SLNs and NLCs) are regarded as highly promising systems for delivering nucleic acids in gene therapy.

14 Feb 2017

Parenting practices linked to development of children with Fragile X syndrome

University of Kansas researchers have found that certain specific parenting practices are significantly associated with the development of communication and language skills in children with Fragile X syndrome.

14 Feb 2017

Research shows how protein component of Epstein-Barr virus promotes development of cancer

After an infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the virus persists in the body throughout a person's lifetime, usually without causing any symptoms.

13 Feb 2017

Scientists use brain organoids to identify root causes of Miller-Dieker syndrome

Research led by scientists at UC San Francisco and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine has used brain "organoids" — tiny 3D models of human organs that scientists grow in a dish to study disease — to identify root causes of Miller-Dieker Syndrome (MDS), a rare genetic disorder that causes fatal brain malformations.

7 Feb 2017

Scientists identify structure of androgenic receptor essential to fight against prostate cancer

A team led by researchers of the Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona and the Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Paushows for the first time, the three-dimensional structure of the homodimeric androgen receptor ligand-binding domain, a structure that eluded researchers for years.

6 Feb 2017

Study supports clinical utility of DNA-based prenatal blood test in all pregnant women

A DNA-based prenatal blood test used to screen pregnancies for Down syndrome and similar chromosome abnormalities in high-risk women has moved a step closer to use in the general pregnancy population.

From Natera 3 Feb 2017

TSRI study offers first look at early stages of brain development in patients with Fragile X syndrome

A new study led by scientists at The Scripps Research Institute is giving researchers a first look at the early stages of brain development in patients with Fragile X syndrome, a disorder that causes mild to severe intellectual disability and is the most common genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder.

31 Jan 2017

Researchers discover genes that could serve as therapeutic targets to reverse Rett syndrome

Researchers have uncovered 30 genes that could, one day, serve as therapeutic targets to reverse Rett syndrome, a rare neurological disorder that affects only girls and is a severe form of an autism spectrum disorder.

31 Jan 2017

Researchers discover earliest-acting protein in C-elegans that plays key role in cell division

Researchers from three U.S. universities have identified, using roundworms, the earliest-acting protein known to duplicate the centriole, a tiny cylinder-shaped structure that is a key component of the machinery that organizes cell division in animals.

31 Jan 2017

Scientists decode genetic profile of rare inherited disorder that can cause genital ambiguity

A complete clinical and genetic profile of a rare inherited disorder, steroid 11-hydroxylase deficiency, which can cause genital masculinization in females, is being reported by an international group of researchers led by investigators at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

30 Jan 2017

Johns Hopkins scientists reveal extra centrosomes can promote tumor formation in mice

When a cell is dividing, two identical structures, called centrosomes, move to opposite sides of the cell to help separate its chromosomes into the new cells.

28 Jan 2017

Missing gene may cause kidney and urinary tract defects in people with DiGeorge syndrome

Loss of function of the CRKL gene causes kidney and urinary tract defects in people with DiGeorge syndrome, a multinational team of scientists led by Columbia University Medical Center has found.

25 Jan 2017

Shorter chromosome 'caps' linked to higher burden of disease later in life

New research indicates that people who had more infections as babies harbor a key marker of cellular aging as young adults: the protective stretches of DNA which "cap" the ends of their chromosomes are shorter than in adults who were healthier as infants.

25 Jan 2017

Caspase-2 enzyme deficiency linked to higher cancer risk

Researchers from the Centre for Cancer Biology at the University of South Australia have found that a deficiency of caspase-2 enzymes place people at a higher risk of developing tumours.

25 Jan 2017

UI biologists discover protein that appears to regulate chromosome movement

Before an egg becomes fertilized, sets of chromosomes must pair up to pass along genetic information. This happens within each reproductive cell, where separate chromosomes of male and female origin move toward each other and eventually join.

25 Jan 2017

Researchers reveal central role of new key players in meiosis

Where would we be without meiosis and recombination? For a start, none of us sexually reproducing organisms would be here, because that's how sperm and eggs are made. And when meiosis doesn't work properly, it can lead to infertility, miscarriage, birth defects and developmental disorders.

24 Jan 2017

Chromosome 4 News and Research

Further Reading

Review shows lipid nanoparticles as highly promising delivery systems in gene therapy

Parenting practices linked to development of children with Fragile X syndrome

Research shows how protein component of Epstein-Barr virus promotes development of cancer

Scientists use brain organoids to identify root causes of Miller-Dieker syndrome

Scientists identify structure of androgenic receptor essential to fight against prostate cancer

Study supports clinical utility of DNA-based prenatal blood test in all pregnant women

TSRI study offers first look at early stages of brain development in patients with Fragile X syndrome

Researchers discover genes that could serve as therapeutic targets to reverse Rett syndrome

Researchers discover earliest-acting protein in C-elegans that plays key role in cell division

Scientists decode genetic profile of rare inherited disorder that can cause genital ambiguity

Johns Hopkins scientists reveal extra centrosomes can promote tumor formation in mice

Missing gene may cause kidney and urinary tract defects in people with DiGeorge syndrome

Shorter chromosome 'caps' linked to higher burden of disease later in life

Caspase-2 enzyme deficiency linked to higher cancer risk

UI biologists discover protein that appears to regulate chromosome movement

Researchers reveal central role of new key players in meiosis

Popularity of non-invasive prenatal testing increasing among pregnant women

Researchers show how adult learning is impaired in females using mouse models of Rett syndrome

Natural pre-pregnancy progesterone benefits women with history of unexplained miscarriages

Roswell Park study provides new insights into gene mutations that can lead to cancer

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