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Airway granulocytes potential CF biomarker for fungal lung disease

Researchers have found that accumulation in the airways of CXCR4+ granulocytes is associated with chronic colonisation by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus.

29 May 2015

Challenge remains for early COPD detection in primary care

Exhaled carbon monoxide testing in primary care has no effect on patient acceptance of screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, research shows.

29 May 2015

Pulmonary rehabilitation ‘should include sleep assessment’

Researchers say that pulmonary rehabilitation programmes for patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease should include sleep assessment.

29 May 2015

Iron may underlie effect of Alzheimer’s risk allele

Ferritin in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer’s disease is associated with the APOE ε4 risk allele and predicts cognitive outcomes, a study shows.

29 May 2015

‘Real-world’ sunitinib findings support trial results

Results of postmarketing follow-up in Japanese patients confirm the efficacy and safety profile of sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

29 May 2015

CHOP Global Health Center performs first rigorous study of CP outcomes in Africa

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of childhood disability in the world, affecting between 1 and 2 infants per thousand. But the neurological condition tends to be understudied, especially in developing countries.

29 May 2015

People with cognitive impairment have altered responses to pain

People with dementia and other forms of cognitive impairment (CI) have altered responses to pain, with many conditions associated with increased pain sensitivity, concludes a research review in PAIN, the official publication of the International Association for the Study of Pain.

29 May 2015

Main culprit of Alzheimer's disease causes memory loss

The study, published May 29 in the open access Nature Publishing Group journal Scientific Reports, reveals a direct link between the main culprit of Alzheimer's disease and memory loss.

29 May 2015

Study sheds light on genetic differences between colorectal cancer in older and younger patients

While the overall rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) is declining, CRC specifically among young patients is increasing. Previous studies have shown that CRC in patients younger than 50 years old tends to be more aggressive than CRC in older patients.

29 May 2015

Measuring kidney function and damage may help predict people at risk for heart disease

Simple measures of kidney function and damage may be just as good at predicting who is at risk for heart failure and death from heart attack and stroke as traditional tests of cholesterol levels and blood pressure, new Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health-led research suggests.

29 May 2015

First European approval of drug to treat genetic kidney disease ADPKD

Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. announced that the European Commission has granted marketing authorisation for JINARC® (tolvaptan) for the treatment of ADPKD in adults who have chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage one to three at initiation of treatment with evidence of rapidly progressing disease

29 May 2015

MIT, UCSD researchers use probiotics to detect cancer in the liver

Engineers at MIT and the University of California at San Diego have devised a new way to detect cancer that has spread to the liver, by enlisting help from probiotics — beneficial bacteria similar to those found in yogurt.

29 May 2015

New EU Clinical Trials Regulation may prove to be challenging for cancer research in Europe

The European Society for Medical Oncology, in collaboration with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, expressed their views on the EU Clinical Trials Regulation in an official position paper recently published in Annals of Oncology.

29 May 2015

New research shows wide variation in organ donation rates across the country

More than 123,000 Americans are currently waiting for lifesaving organ transplants, but 21 patients die each day because there aren't enough organs to go around. New research shows wide variation in the number of eligible organ donors whose loved ones consent to organ donation across the country.

29 May 2015

RI-MUHC researchers receive $1.5 million to develop glutamate biosensor platform for brain diseases

In the human brain and retina, glutamate is an important messenger that carries information from one neuron to another. The level of glutamate transmitted between neurons is crucial to cell communication: too high and neurons die, too low and the information is not communicated properly. In either case this can contribute to neurological diseases including stroke, glaucoma, and Alzheimer's.

29 May 2015

Breakthrough in machine learning could revolutionize medical screening methods

A breakthrough in machine learning has also brought about a "game changer" for the science of metabolomics - and will hasten the development of diagnostic and predictive tests for Alzheimer's, cancer, diabetes and numerous other conditions, leading to improved prevention and treatment.

29 May 2015

Study expands understanding of the production of ET-743 compound

For decades, scientists have known that ET-743, a compound extracted from a marine invertebrate called a mangrove tunicate, can kill cancer cells. The drug has been approved for use in patients in Europe and is in clinical trials in the U.S.

29 May 2015

Scientists reveal why lone kidney gets bigger when the other one is lost

Scientists have found an explanation for the century-old observation that if you end up with just one kidney, the lone organ gets bigger.

29 May 2015

Differences in brain expression of RORA protein levels may lead to sex bias in autism

George Washington University researcher Valerie Hu, Ph.D., has found an important sex-dependent difference in the level of RORA protein in brain tissues of males and females. Specifically, females without autism have a slightly higher level of RORA in the frontal cortex of the brain than males without autism, while the levels of the protein are comparably lower in the brain of both males and females with autism.

29 May 2015

Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment can cause late sequelae

Hodgkin's lymphoma--cancer of the lymph nodes--arises in more than 150 children and adolescents in Germany each year. Nine out of ten patients survive the disease, thanks to the highly effective treatments that are now available. Depending on the type of treatment given, however, there may be late sequelae, as discussed by Wolfgang Dörffel and colleagues in an original article in the current issue of Deutsches Ärzteblatt International (Dtsch Arztebl Int 2015; 112: 320-7).

29 May 2015