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Retinal Breaks and Retinal Detachment

The retina is the light-sensitive layer inside the eye. It is made up of 5 or 10 layers, based on the anatomical classification. The innermost layer contains the rod and cone cells, which are rich in photosensitive pigments. These are called photoreceptors and are the actual organs of light reception.

22 Sep 2016

Preventing Retinal Detachment

Retinal detachment is a sight-threatening disorder. It comprises the separation of the retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).

22 Sep 2016

Retinal Detachment Prognosis

Retinal detachment refers to the process in which the neurosensory layer of the eye called the retina, which is responsible for receiving and transmitting light signals to the brain and enabling vision, is pulled off or peels off the underlying retinal pigment epithelium. In many cases, there is a posterior vitreous detachment.

22 Sep 2016

Treating Retinal Detachment

Retinal detachment refers to the condition in which the retina separates from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), becoming cut off from its nutritive and photopigment restorative properties. It may eventually die if the close connection is not restored in time.

22 Sep 2016

What Causes Retinal Detachment?

The retina is the layer of the eye that contains light-sensitive nerve cells or photoreceptors. It receives and transmits light stimuli to the brain, enabling the body to see. It lines the inside of the eye, resting upon a pigmented layer called the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). This nourishes and renews the retinal photopigments, maintaining normal visual function.

22 Sep 2016

How to Prevent Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterial genus Leptospira. It can infect both humans and animals. About 9 in every 10 persons affected will experience mild flu-like symptoms, which include headache, fever, and muscle pains.

22 Sep 2016

Leptospirosis Epidemiology

The spirochete bacterium Leptospira is a very common disease-causing microorganism for both humans and animals. It can be an occupational or recreational hazard for those who come into frequent contact with the urine or urine-contaminated media (e.g., water, food, and soil) of infected animals.

22 Sep 2016

Leptospirosis Treatment

The Leptospira bacterial genus are responsible for leptospirosis. These bacteria can infect both humans and animals. Leptospirosis is one of the most common infectious diseases that can be transmitted naturally from animals to humans. Sources of infection are the urine or urine-contaminated media (e.g., water, food, and soil) of infected animals such as rodents, cattle, cats, and dogs.

22 Sep 2016

Leptospirosis Symptoms

Leptospirosis is caused by the Leptospira bacterial genus. These coiled, gram-negative aerobic bacteria are motile with hooked ends and paired flagella, which allows them to burrow into tissues. Both humans and animals can be infected by these bacteria. Leptospirosis is one of the most common infectious diseases that can be transmitted naturally to humans from animals.

22 Sep 2016

What Causes Leptospirosis?

Caused by the bacterial genus Leptospira, leptospirosis is a disease that affects both humans and animals, such as cattle, cats, dogs, and rodents. Sources of infection are the urine or urine-contaminated media (e.g., food, water, and soil) of infected animals.

22 Sep 2016

Leptospirosis Bacterial Disease

The pathogenic bacterial spirochetes of the Leptospiragenus are responsible for the infectious disease called leptospirosis.

22 Sep 2016

Beau’s Lines

Fingernails are mirrors of health and disease. They show several kinds of change, such as splinter hemorrhages or clubbing, which relate to specific illnesses. However, Beau’s lines are non-specific deep transverse linear depressions or trenches across the nails which occur in situations such as...

22 Sep 2016

Immunotherapy: Past, Present and Future

William Coley is the grandfather of immunotherapy. He developed extracts of bacteria to treat patients, particularly children, with sarcoma.

8 Sep 2016

History of Ophthalmology

The known history of ophthalmology dates back to the early days of written history, in which initial observations and speculations about the eye were recorded. Over the ages, the understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the eye continued to develop, and several major breakthroughs took place. This has led to our present state of knowledge of the eyes and ocular health.

7 Sep 2016

Pediatrician: Role, Education, Training, Subspecialties

A pediatrician is a health professional who specializes in the field of pediatrics. Pediatrics is the specialty which involves the medical care of all individuals aged younger than 21 years. This therefore includes the medical care of all infants, children and adolescents.

7 Sep 2016

Subspecialties of Pediatrics

General pediatricians have an important role in the healthcare team. They provide medical care to infants, children and adolescents, up to the age of 21. Many general pediatricians choose to do further study in a subspecialty of pediatrics to gain specific knowledge about a certain area of children’s health.

7 Sep 2016

Congenital Birth Defects

A congenital birth defect, also known as a congenital anomaly, is a condition that is present at birth due to structural deformities in the development of a fetus. Common examples of congenital birth defects include congenital heart disease, neural tube defects and Down syndrome.

7 Sep 2016

Clinical Pharmacy

Clinical pharmacy is a branch of pharmacy that involves the provision of patient care with the use of medications to optimize the health outcomes of patients. This includes promoting wellness and preventing disease. The practice of clinical pharmacy embraces pharmaceutical care philosophy. Furthermore it combines patient care with specialized therapeutic knowledge about the use of medications.

7 Sep 2016

Allergies in Children

Although any child may develop allergies, some children are more likely to be affected than others. For example, children with a family history of allergic reactions are at a higher risk of developing allergies themselves, which suggests a genetic susceptibility.

7 Sep 2016

Hospital Pharmacy

Hospital pharmacy is a specialized field of pharmacy that is integrated into the care of a medical center. These include centers such as a hospital, outpatient clinic, drug-dependency facility, poison control center, drug information center of residential care facility.

7 Sep 2016