Australian research finds wine reduces ovarian cancer risk

In Queensland, Australia cancer researchers have given new hope to women who enjoy the occasional glass of wine. Their study showed the risk of developing ovarian cancer was dramatically reduced in women who drank at least one standard glass of wine a day.

Moderate alcohol intake can influence sex hormone levels and affect ovarian function as well as increasing breast cancer risk. This suggests that alcohol might also influence ovarian cancer risk.

Researchers evaluated this theory among 696 Australian women with histologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer and 786 cancer-free control women, selected at random from the electoral roll.

Sociodemographic information and a detailed reproductive history were collected in a face-to-face interview, and information about diet and alcohol consumption was obtained from a food frequency questionnaire.

Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Overall, 59% of women drank <1 standard drink/week and only 5% of cases and 8% of controls drank an average of 2 standard drinks/day. Compared with nondrinkers, the OR for women who drank an average of 2 standard drinks/day was 0.49 (95% CI = 0.30–0.81).

This effect did not vary for the different subtypes but was restricted to wine (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.33–0.93 for 1 glass/day versus nondrinkers) with no effect for beer (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.65–2.46) or sherry/spirits (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.59–1.95). Combining our results with the six previous population-based studies gave a pooled OR of 0.72 (95% CI = 0.54–0.97) for the highest alcohol intake group versus nondrinkers.

The results suggest that alcohol does not increase risk of ovarian cancer. In this Australian population, the inverse association with alcohol was due solely to wine consumption and so may be a consequence of antioxidants and/or phytoestrogens in wine rather than the alcohol itself