‘COVID-19 fears’ prevent many Africans from accessing malaria treatment

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Mar 24 2021

Fears of contracting COVID-19 are preventing people accessing vital health services, experts say.

The COVID-19 pandemic has prevented almost a third of people in Sub-Saharan Africa suffering from a fever from accessing malaria treatment in health facilities, health experts say.

Malaria continues to be a major global health challenge, with six African countries including Nigeria and Tanzania accounting for around half the 409,000 people globally who died from the disease in 2019, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

At a virtual media briefing organised by the Roll Back Malaria Partnership and the African Media and Malaria Research Network last week (15 March), experts said that many people are falsely associating fever solely with COVID-19. This contributed to an increase in the number of malaria deaths in 2020 of more than 40,000 globally from the previous year.

Thirty-one per cent of people with fever in Sub-Saharan Africa did not get access to health facilities due to lockdowns and fear of being exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic while a similar percentage of those who accessed malaria treatment did not get tested."

Kalu Akpaka, WHO Regional Malaria Advisor for Africa

He added that communities must be made to understand that malaria prevention starts with individuals protecting themselves against mosquito bites and not taking drugs blindly without testing when they develop a fever.

"Parents with children under five years and communities in general must make it their responsibility to ensure sick people get medical help as soon as symptoms show," added Aboubacar Kempo, the director of health programmes at UNICEF. "It is imperative that fever cases are rushed to health facilities without delay for testing and treatment if the ever-rising incidence of malaria is to be checked."

Kempo called for a stop to diverting malaria funds to control COVID-19. "It is now that more funds need to be channelled in the direction of malaria, independent of COVID-19," Kempo urged, adding that diverting funds to address COVID-19 would create an impression that malaria is a lesser disease.

Akpaka described it as regrettable that fear of contracting COVID-19 and lockdowns in response to the global pandemic have kept many people away from health facilities, leading to deaths from other diseases including malaria.

"Health workers today are not only well trained to safely handle other diseases alongside COVID-19 but have been provided with personal protective equipment to enhance their safety and that of patients. There is nothing to fear," Akpaka explained.

He urged civil society to educate the public to help mitigate the impact of COVID-19 and other diseases and encourage vaccination.

"Vaccines pass in the able hands of a large group of scientists for scrutiny before they are approved for use. They are cheap, effective and the surest way to eradicate diseases. That is why children go through mandatory vaccination to keep common infections at bay," said Akpaka.

Kempo said that a pilot malaria vaccine project trialled in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi has ruled out adverse effects, but did not specify when the vaccine will be available for rollout. In 2019, WHO said the vaccine pilot programme would continuefor four years, making 2023 the possibleyear of rollout.

"The vaccine is perhaps the only hope left of eradicating malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa as happened with smallpox and now polio," Kempo added.