Would love to see this study take into account biology and chemistry of ultra processed foods vs whole foods. Ultra processed foods contain preservatives for longer shelf, which isn't good for bacteria. Your gut is full of bacteria that work to help you digest and absorb food. If the food has preservatives, it can't be good for your gut.

Ulta-processed food also breaks down fiber, which is used to feed the gut bacteria and build the lining of your gut. If you break down the fiber, it gets absorbed too quickly to make it's way down the lower intestine, therefore it doesn't feed the bacteria appropriately, which leads to that bacteria starving, feeding on your gut lining and ultimately dying. That leads to a leaky gut, inflammation and possible autoimmune disease.