The 22.5% unnecessary ICDs correlates to the study's finding that implanting is by almost 35% non-electrophysiologists.  The so-called "hospitalists" from Internal Medicine are collaborating with insurance companies for approval of devices for general health instead of circumstances that are guidelined to life-threatening and evidence-based.  The preceding comments about "ICD Rouse" at Hoag Hospital were probably abetted by PacificHospitalists.com (PHA) that optimizes admissions, billing and insurance.  My experience with PHA was that the discharge report had a time stamp of almost two days before actual discharge and bundled with nine drugs stopped by specialists as unnecessary and causing side effects.  And the pre-dated discharge report was written by hospitalist Dr. Weston Chandler before the defibrillator was implanted to become another statistic in the 22.5% unnecessary ICDs.  I was discharged from Hoag with an ICD at 9pm on a Saturday night without seeing a doctor since the Friday noontime implant - they left for a three-day weekend on Thursday after composing an unfounded discharge report.