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Hormones in Young Children

Hormones are signaling molecules that relay specific chemical messages throughout the body. They travel through tissue fluids, such as the bloodstream to stimulate particular cells or tissues and exert their effects.

20 Jun 2018

Non-Invasive Diagnostic Strategies for Bladder Cancer

There are many techniques that are used to diagnose and monitor bladder cancer; however, the most common are highly invasive.

20 Jun 2018

Dieting for Obese Children

With over a third of school-aged children dangerously overweight or obese, obesity is an increasingly significant issue for the younger generation. Therefore, encouragement of a healthy and balanced diet is an effective way to reduce obesity in this population and, with simple lifestyle changes, can be easily achieved.

20 Jun 2018

Thromboembolism in Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer is initiated when the cells of the bladder lining begin to grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor, and can increase risk of thromboembolism.

20 Jun 2018

Foods Good for Teeth

Foods play crucial role in maintaining oral health. Eating a well-balanced, healthy, and nutritious diet is vital for good dental health both in children and adults.

19 Jun 2018

Psoriatic Arthritis Prevention

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a painful joint condition that complicates the relapsing chronic skin disease psoriasis. It is considered to be an inflammatory joint disorder and is classified as part of the seronegative spondylarthropathies.

19 Jun 2018

Acinic Cell Carcinoma

As salivary glands are made up of different cells, tumors could start in any one of such. Various salivary gland tumors, which may be benign or malignant, may develop within and around the mouth, and could cause cancers of various severity.

19 Jun 2018

Alzheimer's Disease Prevention

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) afflicts millions of older people the world over, causing functional impairment, loss of time, reduced productivity and immense economic hardship. It also results in great mental and emotional loss to the patient, caregivers, and society at large. While millions of dollars have been put into Alzheimer’s research, the cause of this condition is still unclear.

19 Jun 2018

Endoscopic Imaging for Bladder Cancer

Endoscopic imaging of the bladder, more commonly referred to as cystoscopy, is the gold standard for detection and monitoring bladder cancer.

19 Jun 2018

Bladder Cancer Histopathology

Histopathology provides a vast amount of information about bladder cancer, such as the type, stage and grade of the cancer. It is an important diagnostic tool.

19 Jun 2018

Bladder Cancer Biomarkers

Biomarkers are a useful tool for the early detection of bladder cancer, and for predicting the prognosis of the disease.

19 Jun 2018

What are Osteoblasts?

Osteoblasts are the cells required for bone synthesis and mineralization, both during the initial formation of bone and during bone remodelling.

18 Jun 2018

Psoriatic Arthritis Types

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a relapsing inflammatory joint condition associated with psoriasis that affects about 1-3% of the world overall, but with widely varying incidences in different populations. It is a severe and sometimes debilitating complication of psoriasis.

18 Jun 2018

Psoriatic Arthritis Management

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory form of arthritis that affects 5-25% of patients afflicted by the skin condition psoriasis. In almost 60% of PsA cases, it presents in a few joints (1-4) but becomes polyarticular as the disease progresses. Polyarthritis affects both sides symmetrically and in one out of three PsA patients, it is often associated with dactylitis and enthesopathy.

18 Jun 2018

Adoptive T Cell Therapy Applications

Adoptive T cell therapy is a promising type of immunological treatment that utilizes the immune system to fight diseases such as cancer.

18 Jun 2018

Adoptive T Cell Therapy Methodology

Adoptive T cell therapy is a type of immunotherapy that has the ability to target cancer cells through inherent mechanisms of the immune system.

17 Jun 2018

CTLA-4 and Cancer

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is an immunogenic protein receptor that is expressed almost exclusively on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. It plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of these cells and by binding to CD80/86 on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), it blocks co-stimulation between T cells and APCs.

17 Jun 2018

Psoriatic Arthritis Signs and Symptoms

Psoriasis is a relapsing chronic inflammatory condition of the skin, which manifests itself in other areas such as the synovial membranes and soft tissues around many joints, eyes, heart, and blood vessels. Damage to the synovial membranes that protect the joints leads to arthritis in 5-25% patients with psoriasis.

17 Jun 2018

Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1) and Cancer

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) when coupled with its ligands programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2), functions as a ‘braking system’ within the immune system.

17 Jun 2018

Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 (CTLA-4)

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), also known as CD152, is a protein receptor and an immunogenic checkpoint that functions as a down-regulator of immune system responses. The gene responsible for encoding this protein is found on chromosome 2 in humans.

15 Jun 2018