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Recurrent Miscarriage Epidemiology

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has various definitions, but most specialists would define it as the loss of 3 or more clinically confirmed pregnancies. This criterion has been fixed on the basis of epidemiological studies.

25 Jan 2018

Recurrent Miscarriage Causes

Recurrent miscarriage is also known as fetal wastage syndrome or recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). It is a condition in which a woman loses several early pregnancies. It is important to identify the cause of miscarriage as in some cases it can be treated.

25 Jan 2018

Anovulation: epidemiology

Chronic anovulation is a condition in which ovarian release of eggs does not occur due to failure of regular ovarian cycles. Various factors have been associated with this condition.

24 Jan 2018

Smoking and Pregnancy

Smoking during pregnancy causes serious health problems to both mother and child. A single cigarette contains about 4,000 chemicals, of which 70 have enough potential to cause cancer.

24 Jan 2018

Smoking and Breastfeeding

Female smokers usually show less interest in breastfeeding as they believe that formula food is a safer alternative. Infants born to women smokers have shown to be prone to lung infections, SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome), and asthma.

24 Jan 2018

Research on Alcohol in Pregnancy

Globally, most clinical and government rules advise pregnant women to refrain from drinking alcohol during pregnancy because of possible unfavorable consequences on the pregnancy outcomes. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes pregnant women as a group that needs special care, as they are predominantly at risk of adverse effects of alcohol.

23 Jan 2018

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders FASD Types

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are defined as a group of conditions that may occur in a child whose mother has been a consumer of alcohol during the time of pregnancy.

23 Jan 2018

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders FASD Diagnosis

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is sometimes termed as a hidden disability as its symptoms often remain under-diagnosed in many children until they enter adolescence or even adulthood. It is often recognized in school-going children suffering from attention deficit disorder (ADD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or learning difficulties.

19 Jan 2018

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders FASD Treatments

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) is a congenital syndrome that emerges in the human fetus as a result of alcohol consumption by pregnant women during their maternity period. These defects comprise several chronic mental, behavioral, physical, and learning difficulties. Around 40,000 infants are born affected with FASD.

19 Jan 2018

What is Spinal Muscular Atrophy?

This article outlines the autosomal recessive condition;, spinal muscular atrophy and its clinical characteristics.

18 Jan 2018

What are the Different Types of Spinal Muscular Atrophy?

This article describes the types of spinal muscular atrophy, the subtypes and their associated symptoms. Related clinical manifestations are also presented.

18 Jan 2018

Spinal Muscular Atrophy Treatment

This article outlines the current treatments for spinal muscular atrophy, including small molecular, RNA-based and stem cell therapy, and viral therapy.

18 Jan 2018

Spinal Muscular Atrophy Symptoms

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic condition in which neurons in the brain degenerate due to mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene.

18 Jan 2018

Spinal Muscular Atrophy Causes

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder caused by a homozygous recessive mutation in a gene on chromosome 5 (5q13), called the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. It is due to deletion (in 95% of cases) or gene conversion (SMN1 to SMN2) by nucleotide substitution at one point.

18 Jan 2018

Spinal Muscular Atrophy Research

SMA is a genetic disorder which is caused by the absence of the survival of motor neurons 1 (SMN1) protein-encoding gene on chromosome 5 (5q13).

18 Jan 2018

Spinal Muscular Atrophy Diagnosis

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an incurable genetic condition in which there is severe proximal limb hypotonia that is progressive and symmetrical. The cognition and intellect are always unaffected and may be high.

18 Jan 2018

What is Trichinellosis?

Trichinellosis, also known as trichinosis or trichiniasis, represents a parasitic zoonotic disease caused by the parasitic nematodes of the genus Trichinella. Human infection with this parasite stems from the consumption of raw (or semi-raw) meat of infected animals.

18 Jan 2018

What is Somatization?

Somatization is the expression of psychological or emotional factors as physical (somatic) symptoms. For example, stress can cause some people to develop headaches, chest pain, back pain, nausea or fatigue.

18 Jan 2018

Anovulation Pathophysiology

Anovulation is a condition in which the ovaries do not release eggs (ovulate) in the normal cyclic manner. This lack of ovulation results either in pregnancy or in regular menstrual periods. Ovulation failure may be caused by a variety of conditions, ranging from the hypothalamo-pituitary axis which controls egg release via the ovarian cycle, to other endocrine abnormalities, to the ovary itself.

18 Jan 2018

Bowen's Disease Causes

Bowen's disease, also called squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ, is a primitive kind of skin cancer. It occurs due to aberrant growth, division, and accretion of cells present in the epidermis of the skin (outer layer of skin). They do not spread, but if left untreated, Bowen's disease has chances of developing into SCC, a common skin cancer that is curable.

18 Jan 2018