Researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have been awarded a $32 million, five-year federal grant to develop ways to cure people with HIV by purging the virus hiding in the immune systems of patients taking antiretroviral therapy. Tackling this latent virus is considered key to a cure for AIDS.
"This is the first major funding initiative ever to focus on HIV eradication, and we at UNC are excited to lead this collaboration of an incredible group of 19 investigators from across the country," said David Margolis, MD, professor of medicine and microbiology and immunology in the UNC School of Medicine and principal investigator of this effort.
While previous HIV funding initiatives have focused on prevention and vaccine development, "with this funding, the NIH and the scientific community are saying that finding a cure for AIDS is a realistic goal and should be part of our plan of attack against the epidemic," said Margolis, who is also professor of epidemiology in the UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health.
Although individuals infected with HIV may effectively control virus levels with antiretroviral drugs and maintain relatively good health, the virus is never fully eliminated from the cells and tissues it has infected. Researchers need to better understand where these reservoirs of HIV are located, how they are established and maintained, and how to eliminate them.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) grant will be administered by the North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences (NC TraCS) Institute at UNC and will be shared among researchers at nine U.S. universities, all of them pioneering researchers in HIV latency. Co-funding is also being provided by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH).
The UNC-led consortium will be one of three groups funded by NIAID under its Martin Delaney Collaboratory initiative. The UNC-led effort will undertake more than a dozen research projects to discover how the virus can remain dormant and virtually invisible, identify drugs and treatments capable of ridding the body of persistent infection and evaluate these new strategies in relevant animal models so that they can be translated into people.
"This award will fundamentally change the way in which we look for a cure for AIDS," said Victor Garcia-Martinez, PhD, a UNC professor of medicine who is involved in the collaboratory.
Delaney was an internationally recognized AIDS activist who died in 2009. Delaney championed the concept of accelerating progress toward a cure for HIV infection through a public-private partnership involving government, academia and industry.
The UNC-led collaboratory also includes an important industrial partner, Merck Research Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, N.J. Merck has an outstanding track record in the development of small molecule drugs and other therapies that target viral reservoirs. Merck Research Laboratories will be receiving no federal funds for their contribution to this research.
"This award takes a multidisciplinary approach to solve a very complex problem. It will allow for unique synergies and innovation that couldn't be accomplished otherwise," said collaboratory investigator Angela Kashuba, PharmD, associate professor in the UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy and director of the UNC Center for AIDS Research Clinical Pharmacology and Analytic Chemistry Core.
"All of the collaboratory members are inspired by the chance to change the natural course of HIV infection to achieve a cure or drug-free remission of this terrible disease," Margolis said.
Affordability and supply remain critical to the success of long-lasting HIV drug