Scientists discover mutational signatures of tumor hypoxia

Researchers at the University of Toronto have discovered mutational signatures of tumor hypoxia (low oxygen) in 19 cancer types. The results could be used to help clinicians identify patients who would benefit from higher treatment doses.

Hypoxic cancer cells - an illustration by m63085m63085 | Shutterstock

In a landmark pan-cancer study analyzing more than 8,000 tumors across 19 different cancer types, researchers have identified molecular hallmarks of hypoxia in human tumors – a well-known cause of treatment resistance and cancer spread.

Although it is well known that tumors thrive in low-oxygen environments, the impact of low oxygen on tumor cells is not well understood.

"Hypoxia was previously associated with aggressive disease, but the mechanisms by which it drives this process in human tumors was poorly understood from a genetic angle," says Robert Bristow, a director at the Manchester Cancer Research and CRUK Manchester Centres at the University of Manchester.

Now, lead author Vinayak Bhandari and colleagues have discovered common hallmarks of hypoxia that could be predictive of tumor aggressiveness and help to inform treatment decisions.

“Here we've exploited a wealth of human tumor data to gain a more comprehensive understanding," says Vinayak Bhandari.

By tying together our new understanding of the environment in which tumors develop with detailed evaluation of genetic changes, we created a biological signature that highlights patients who may benefit from more therapy."

Vinayak Bhandari, Lead Author

The markers the team identified pave the way for new opportunities to develop therapies that target hypoxia-related treatment resistance and cancer spread across many different types of cancer.

"Understanding common genomic traits across cancer types is critically important to the future of cancer diagnosis and treatment," says senior investigator Paul Boutros.

The team was originally motivated by an inability to distinguish between aggressive and non-aggressive prostate cancers, but Bhandari and colleagues say their findings actually shed light on how therapies might be applied across many cancer types.

"We can now start to exploit these findings into novel clinical trials to target hypoxia and abnormal genetics at the same time," adds Bristow.

Stuart Edmonds, Vice President of Research at Health Promotion and Survivorship at Prostate Cancer Canada, says the research will open new opportunities for physicians to choose the optimal treatment for each patient and improve patient outcomes: “This will ultimately lead to better quality of life and an increased rate of survival."

Sally Robertson

Written by

Sally Robertson

Sally first developed an interest in medical communications when she took on the role of Journal Development Editor for BioMed Central (BMC), after having graduated with a degree in biomedical science from Greenwich University.

Citations

Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report:

  • APA

    Robertson, Sally. (2019, June 19). Scientists discover mutational signatures of tumor hypoxia. News-Medical. Retrieved on November 23, 2024 from https://www.news-medical.net/news/20190114/Scientists-discover-mutational-signatures-of-tumor-hypoxia.aspx.

  • MLA

    Robertson, Sally. "Scientists discover mutational signatures of tumor hypoxia". News-Medical. 23 November 2024. <https://www.news-medical.net/news/20190114/Scientists-discover-mutational-signatures-of-tumor-hypoxia.aspx>.

  • Chicago

    Robertson, Sally. "Scientists discover mutational signatures of tumor hypoxia". News-Medical. https://www.news-medical.net/news/20190114/Scientists-discover-mutational-signatures-of-tumor-hypoxia.aspx. (accessed November 23, 2024).

  • Harvard

    Robertson, Sally. 2019. Scientists discover mutational signatures of tumor hypoxia. News-Medical, viewed 23 November 2024, https://www.news-medical.net/news/20190114/Scientists-discover-mutational-signatures-of-tumor-hypoxia.aspx.

Comments

The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of News Medical.
Post a new comment
Post

While we only use edited and approved content for Azthena answers, it may on occasions provide incorrect responses. Please confirm any data provided with the related suppliers or authors. We do not provide medical advice, if you search for medical information you must always consult a medical professional before acting on any information provided.

Your questions, but not your email details will be shared with OpenAI and retained for 30 days in accordance with their privacy principles.

Please do not ask questions that use sensitive or confidential information.

Read the full Terms & Conditions.