New plasma treatment shows promise for healing rotator cuff injuries

Osaka Metropolitan UniversityOct 25 2024

The human body, filled with muscles and moving parts, is far from indestructible. Injuries are common, especially where tendons and bones connect. In Japan, rotator cuff tears affect approximately 1 in 4 people over age 50, and reports state that even after surgery, about 20% of cases result in re-tears. To combat this, new healing methods to bolster current clinical practices are needed.

Graduate student Katsumasa Nakazawa, Associate Professor Hiromitsu Toyoda, and then Professor Hiroaki Nakamura at Osaka Metropolitan University's Graduate School of Medicine, along with Graduate School of Engineering Professor Jun-Seok Oh and colleagues have previously reported positive results using non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma for bone and tendon repairs. This time, the team used plasma on rotator cuffs of rabbit models to examine the healing rate and strength of the repair.

The study consisted of two groups, a control and a 5-minute plasma irradiation group where rotator cuffs were detached, irradiated, and then sutured. The histology and mechanical strength differences were compared and examined at intervals of two, four, and eight weeks. The results showed that the plasma irradiation group had a tissue arrangement similar to that of a normal tendon-bone junction after four and eight weeks.

It was also found that more bone tissue was formed than in the control group. In biomechanical testing, the force required to break the plasma irradiated rotator cuff after eight weeks was close to the strength for an undamaged one.

If the results of this research can be applied to current clinical practices, it may be possible to contribute to more reliable rotator cuff repairs and a reduction in the rate of re-tears. Furthermore, by introducing this technology to sports medicine, it is expected to speed up athletes' recovery and improve their performance."

Hiromitsu Toyoda, Associate Professor, Osaka Metropolitan University's Graduate School of Medicine

The findings were published in the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery.