Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is an essential micronutrient required in DNA synthesis and red blood cell maturation, among other metabolic functions. Its deficiency leads to a spectrum of disease. It is important to trace its absorption in order to understand how a person can become deficient.

Foods High in Vitamin B12 and Their Health Benefits

Explore how vitamin B₁₂ supports the brain and nervous system, why deficiencies persist even in well-nourished populations, and what new research reveals about improving diagnosis and dietary strategies.

Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Types of Vitamin B

Can You Be Vegan and an Athlete

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

What is Folic Acid?

The Folate Debate

Why is B12 Difficult to Absorb and Do Oral B12 Sprays Work?

Vitamins: An Overview

Best Folate-Rich Foods for Pregnancy, Brain Health, and Cell Growth

Vitamin Malabsorption: A Comprehensive Guide from A to K

Alzheimer's and Veganism

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Folic Acid Supplementation

Vitamin B Function in the Body

Should Vegans Take Supplements?

Vitamin Supplementation for Vitiligo

Raw Veganism: Health Benefits, Risks, and Challenges

Dangers of Vitamin Deficiency During Pregnancy

Dementia Diagnosis

How to Reduce Red Meat Intake Without Losing Valuable Nutrients

How is Vitamin-B12 Related to Anemia?

Causes of Anemia

Vitamin B Deficiency

Can You Take Too Much Vitamin B?

What Are the Positive Health Effects of Eating Meat?

Good Sources of Vitamin B

Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Managing Vitamin B12 Deficiency

How to Reduce Red Meat Intake Without Losing Valuable Nutrients

Treatment of anemia

Do Antioxidants Benefit Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s?

Can a Vegetarian Diet be Dangerous?

Latest Vitamin B12 News and Research

Thousands of ‘healthy’ Brits are unknowingly low on iron

A study reveals 6% of health-conscious UK adults have anemia, primarily due to iron deficiency, often without noticeable symptoms, especially in women.

9 Oct 2025

Can nut-based milks match dairy for safety, nutrition and flavor?

Tree nut-based beverages offer healthy fats but lack protein. Innovations in fortification and fermentation could enhance their nutritional value.

3 Oct 2025

Red meat in healthy diet linked to better brain nutrients and gut diversity

A study of 3,600+ participants reveals red meat in high-HEI diets enhances brain-supporting nutrients without disrupting gut health or mental well-being.

2 Oct 2025

Clinical trial disproves claims that antioxidant supplement boosts male fertility

A large Dutch randomized clinical trial (SUMMER) found that a widely marketed antioxidant supplement (Impryl) did not improve ongoing pregnancy rates in men seeking fertility care. Instead, pregnancy success was significantly lower in the critical 4–6 month treatment window, raising safety concerns.

28 Sep 2025

Replacing red meat with legumes improves heart health and supports weight management

A University of Helsinki study found that partially replacing red and processed meat with pea- and faba bean–based foods resulted in reduced total and 'bad' LDL cholesterol levels in men, along with weight loss.

19 Sep 2025

New guideline improves nutritional care for neonates with enterostomy

Enterostomy is a vital intervention for many congenital developmental abnormalities and acquired gastrointestinal conditions in neonates.

19 Sep 2025

Older adults reveal what makes or breaks a shift to plant-based protein

Older Dutch adults identified health and taste as the key tipping points for shifting toward protein-rich plant-based diets. Knowledge, social context, and practical tools shaped adoption, while skepticism and habits limited change.

28 Aug 2025

Majority of reproductive-aged women face modifiable risks linked to birth defects

An analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) among 5,374 women of reproductive age indicates that two thirds of women within this demographic have at least one modifiable risk factor, such as low folate status or unmanaged diabetes, that can increase the chance of serious birth defects.

26 Aug 2025

Patients face vitamin deficiencies years after bariatric surgery

A review reveals dangerous vitamin deficiencies post-bariatric surgery, highlighting the need for improved follow-up to prevent life-threatening complications.

30 Jul 2025

Fad diets and supplements fuel new wave of hidden skin problems, study finds

A new review explains how fad diets and unregulated supplements promoted online can cause serious skin, hair, and nail problems, often before other symptoms appear. Clinicians are urged to recognize these risks and address health misinformation in the digital age.

22 Jul 2025

Vegan diets support high-level training, but risks of muscle loss

Vegan diets may enhance performance in semi-professional soccer players, but attention to protein and nutrient intake is crucial for muscle preservation.

22 Jul 2025

Meat hummus lowers microbes and raises nutrition

This study reveals meat-infused hummus offers higher protein, iron, and flavor, making it a nutritious option for athletes and health-conscious consumers.

21 Jul 2025

Maybe it’s not just aging. Maybe it’s anemia.

Gary Sergott felt weary all the time. "I'd get tired, short of breath, a sort of malaise," he said. He was cold even on warm days and looked pale with dark circles under his eyes.

17 Jul 2025

Research explores the link between lower micronutrient levels and chronic pain

Lower levels of certain vitamins and minerals were found to be associated with chronic pain in a recently completed study led by researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences and published in Pain Practice.

15 Jul 2025

New study finds UK mums-to-be miss out on key nutrients

A new British Nutrition Foundation review finds that most UK women of reproductive age fall short of key nutrients before and during pregnancy, with teens and low-income groups most affected. The paper urges targeted, consistent guidance and greater support for healthy weight, supplementation, and plant-based diets.

7 Jul 2025

Plant-based diets may help prevent erectile dysfunction

A narrative review in The Journal of Nutrition suggests that whole-food plant diets may help prevent or improve erectile dysfunction (ED) by supporting vascular health and reducing risk factors such as LDL cholesterol and inflammation. However, most evidence is observational, and more clinical trials are needed.

25 Jun 2025

Is a vegan diet the right choice for your child?

A new scoping review analyzes current evidence on vegan diets in children, examining health outcomes, growth, and nutritional adequacy. The findings show that well-planned vegan diets can support normal growth, but highlight crucial gaps and the need for ongoing clinical and research guidance.

26 May 2025

Vegetarians may need to watch thyroid health, especially with low iodine intake

Vegetarians had a modestly higher risk of developing hypothyroidism compared to high meat-eaters, but only after adjusting for BMI. No increased risk was seen for vegans or pescatarians in incident cases, though pescatarians showed a slight increase in baseline prevalence.

11 May 2025

What happens if you significantly increase dietary folic acid intake?

Increased dietary folic acid intake may lead to adverse health effects, including inflammation and neurotoxicity, highlighting the need for optimal levels.

9 Apr 2025

Vegetarian diets may hinder healthy aging—unless diet quality is high

Older Chinese adults who followed vegetarian diets were less likely to reach age 80 in good health. However, this disadvantage disappeared for those consuming high-quality plant-based diets.

2 Apr 2025