Aneuro: Proteins for neuroscience research

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that several diseases related to the brain, such as mental, functional, and degenerative disorders, have grown to be significant public health issues. They have an even greater influence on social and economic results than cancer and cardiovascular illnesses.

The World Alzheimer Report states that as of 2015, there were 46,800,000 Alzheimer's patients and 9,900,000 new cases worldwide. A new case would arise every three seconds. The cases are anticipated to increase to 74,700,000 by 2030 and 130,000,000 by 2050.

At the forefront of brain research is detecting and treating serious brain-related disorders. This situation actively encourages the growth of the pharmaceutical industry and innovative bioengineering businesses. Therefore, it is anticipated that bettering the treatment of brain-related diseases will be crucial to enhancing modern society's health and well-being.

ACROBiosystems, a prominent producer of recombinant proteins and other essential reagents to aid in the development of target therapeutics, vaccines, and diagnostics, utilizes an application-oriented development approach, emphasizing quality control, product design, and solution-based support in particular.

The new ACRO product line Aneuro is focused on and represents committed efforts in the field of brain research. The mission is to advance and support neuroscience research by offering premium protein products and insightful new ideas.

Products for therapeutic research

Alzheimer′s disease (AD)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that impairs the central nervous system. Modifications in behavior and deficiencies in cognitive abilities like memory are examples of specific symptoms.

As of now, there is no known cure for AD; instead, current therapies mostly aim to reduce the disease's course and restore cognitive abilities. Currently, there is ongoing discussion on the precise mechanism of AD pathogenesis, with several theories being proposed, including the neurovascular hypothesis, the β-amyloid waterfall theory, and the Tau protein theory.

Schematic presentation of the APP proteolytic processes. Image Credit: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1552526016000790

Featured products: APP/A beta, APOE, ACHE, BCHE, BACE-1, GSK-3beta, NPTX2, Nogo Receptor, Tau, TREM2, VLDL R

Parkinson's disease (PD)

The majority of patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurological condition, are middle-aged and older. The typical symptoms include bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and poor posture at the later stage of the disease. 

In the brains of individuals with PD, there is a noticeable loss of pigment and dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. This condition is linked with the appearance of Lewy bodies and an increase in glial cells. As a result, there is an imbalance between the inhibitory neurotransmitter dopamine and the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the striatum.

Multiple pathways that influence the onset of PD. Image Credit: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6905381/

Featured products: Alpha-Synuclein, CNTF R alpha, DDC, GFR alpha-like, LRRK2, MAOA, MAOB

Huntington's disease

Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorder that follows an autosomal dominant pattern. It progressively impairs physiological, psychiatric, and cognitive functions. The disease stems from an abnormal expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene, which is located on chromosome 4

Mechanism of Toxicity of Huntingtin (HTT) gene. Image Credit: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31940909/

Featured products: HTT

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

The deadly neurodegenerative illness known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is typified by the gradual loss of both upper and lower motor neurons. The illness results in a progressive weakening and atrophy of the muscles of the chest, abdomen, trunk, and limbs. It finally results in mortality and impairs breathing, swallowing, speaking, and movement.

It has been discovered that mutations in the SOD1 gene are linked to familial ALS and are believed to be a major hereditary element in the disease's progression.

ALS disease pathology and proposed disease mechanisms. Image Credit: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28468939/

Featured products: SOD1, TDP-43

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

An autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative condition known as multiple sclerosis (MS) is typified by inflammatory demyelination of central nervous system neurons. Numerous studies have highlighted the part that B lymphocytes and the autoantibodies they generate play in the development of multiple sclerosis.

To treat multiple sclerosis, pharmaceutical companies like Novartis and Roche have created a range of CD20 antibody medications that target B cells selectively.

The roles of immune cells in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. Image Credit: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24740824/

Featured products: CD20, CD52, Glypican 4

Neuro system-related neoplasms

Different tumor types, such as gliomas, meningiomas, gliomas, medulloblastomas, etc., are frequently found in brain tumors.

The type, size, and location of the tumor, in addition to its symptoms, general health, and treatment choices, will all influence the course of treatment for a brain tumor. One of the primary methods of treating a brain tumor is targeted medication therapy.

Different categories of brain tumors. Image Credit: https://brainmadesimple.com/brain-tumor-cancer/

Featured products: CD117, DLK1, EphA2, EGFR, CSF, LRRC4 , PDGF, Semaphorin 3A, TOP2A, VEGF

Functional and psychiatric disorders

Autism, attention deficit disorder, and epilepsy are examples of functional neurological illnesses. Numerous genetic and environmental factors contribute to these illnesses, and their causes are complex. Disorders classified as neuropsychiatric include anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.

This type of illness was once thought to be a straightforward psychological condition, but studies have shown that it is a kind of complicated brain and nervous system illness, with organic and molecular pathological features.

For instance, aberrant production of Neurogranin (Ng), a protein kinase C substrate that is particular to the brain, has been linked to many nervous system-induced cognitive deficits, including AD, stroke, and schizophrenia.

Cognitive summary of functional neurological disorders. Image Credit: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3628

Featured products: Contactin-2, Neurogranin, NPTX2

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)

SMA is a progressive disease that causes damage to lower motor neurons. It is both fatal and disabling, and is classified as a rare disease, included in the first batch of the Rare Diseases List in 2018.

Research has identified that mutations in the SMN1 gene, which codes for the motor neuron survival protein (SMN), lead to inadequate production of this protein, making it the primary cause of SMA. Most mutations in SMN1 involve the deletion of exon 7 and/or 8 (over 95 % of cases) or point mutations.

Several drugs targeting the SMN1 gene have been approved, and others are in clinical development. Treatments sanctioned by the FDA and EMA aim to boost SMN protein expression through various approaches: antisense oligonucleotides and small molecule drugs that inhibit the skipping of exon 7 in SMN2, or viral gene transfer methods to add a complete extra cDNA copy of SMN1.

Pathogenesis of SMA. Image Credit: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2019.00161

Featured Products: SMN1

Products for diagnostic research

Neuro-related disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases, continue to have poor rates of diagnosis, high rates of misdiagnosis, and inadequate rates of treatment. Early diagnosis is therefore very crucial for prompt intervention and treatment.

Aneuro facilitates the in vitro diagnostic research of neurological diseases by offering a broad range of high-quality proteins spanning diagnostic markers based on diagnosis and treatment standards.

Source: ACROBiosystems Inc