Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a cell surface receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is found in various tissue macrophages, including CNS microglia, bone osteoclasts, alveolar, peritoneal, and intestinal macrophages, as well as in cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Research has identified a rare variant of TREM2 as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of late-onset dementia.
The extracellular region of TREM2 contains a single immunoglobulin superfamily domain and binds polyanionic ligands, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phospholipids. Upon ligand binding, TREM2 transmits intracellular signals through an adaptor protein, DAP12 (also known as TYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein or TYROBP), which associates with the transmembrane region of TREM2 and recruits the protein tyrosine kinase SYK via its cytosolic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs).
TREM2 is a pro-tumorigenic marker of tumor-infiltrating macrophages in mouse models and human tumors. Targeting TREM2 can help curb tumor growth, enhance the efficacy of checkpoint blockade therapy, and remodel the landscape of tumor-infiltrating macrophages.
Brief information
- Name: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2
- Target Synonym: TREM-2, Triggering receptor expressed on monocytes 2, PLOSL2, Trem2b, Trem2a, Trem2c, Triggering Receptor Expressed On Myeloid Cells 2a
- Number of Launched Drugs: 0
- Number of Drugs in Clinical Trials: 4
- Lastest Research Phase: Phase 2 Clinical
Part of bioactivity data
TR2-H52H5-SPR
Anti-TREM2 antibody captured on CM5 chip via Anti-human IgG Fc antibodies surface can bind Human TREM2, His Tag (Cat. No. TR2-H52H5) with an affinity constant of 95.9 nM as determined in a SPR assay (Biacore 8K) (Routinely tested). Image Credit: ACROBiosystems
TR2-H5254-BLI
Loaded Human TREM2, Fc Tag (Cat. No. TR2-H5254) on Protein A Biosensor, can bind Human APOE3, His Tag (Cat. No. APE-H5246) with an affinity constant of 66.1 nM as determined in BLI assay (ForteBio Octet Red96e) (Routinely tested). Image Credit: ACROBiosystems
Synonym name
- Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, TREM2, and TREM-2